01 / THE EDIT
The Botanical Edit
Know the plant. Understand the preparation.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL
Inside Dr. Burklund’s apothecary
The protocols I use.
The products I come back to.
A closer look at the supplements I use most often in my practice, gathered into the protocols I return to. Botanical favorites, considered formulas, and a reason for every selection.
Shop individual products and tests through my Fullscript storefront. You can browse every collection before choosing. Purchases through my links may financially support my practice.

The complete editorial collection
Begin with the story, the ingredients and the questions behind each selection. Every edit lives here, with time to understand it before choosing your next step.
01 / THE EDIT
Know the plant. Understand the preparation.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL02 / THE EDIT
Make room for recovery.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL03 / BOTANICAL GUIDE
A closer look at the fungal kingdom.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL04 / THE EDIT
Urinary health, understood in context.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL05 / THE EDIT
Begin with the whole person.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL06 / THE EDIT
Your body is changing. Your care can evolve.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL07 / THE EDIT
A longer view of living well.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL08 / THE EDIT
Botanical wisdom. Everyday nourishment.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL09 / THE EDIT
A living ecosystem. A more thoughtful ritual.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL10 / THE EDIT
A living surface. A daily ritual.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL11 / THE EDIT
Botanical beauty. Daily ritual.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOL12 / THE EDIT
Nourishing the body that carries the loss.
LEARN THE FULL PROTOCOLTwelve editorial collections. Your own way in.
Explore the protocols I use for skin, midlife, longevity, grief, and preconception. Read the ingredients, find what fits your needs, and order individual products through Fullscript.

01 / SKIN & BEAUTY
A more thoughtful kind of glow.
Botanicals, skin probiotics, nutrition, and topical care. Explore my selections for the ritual at the sink and the nourishment within.
Shop on FullscriptExplore the radiance skin lab edit
02 / THE CHANGING FEMALE BODY
Care that evolves with you.
Nutritional foundations, botanicals, and microbiome selections for a more individual conversation about midlife.
Shop on FullscriptExplore the women’s health lab edit
03 / THE YEARS AHEAD
For the life you want to keep living.
Timeline Mitopure, NMN, Mito-Gevity, botanicals, and microbiome selections. A considered edit for the years ahead, alongside the everyday foundations.
Shop on FullscriptExplore the longevity lab edit
04 / THROUGH LOVE & LOSS
A little care, within reach.
Nourishment, evening rituals, and selected supplements for a season when tending to yourself may feel especially difficult.
Shop on FullscriptExplore the grief medicine lab edit
05 / BEFORE A NEW BEGINNING
Begin with nourishment.
Prenatal nutrition, CoQ10, egg quality support, choline, and prenatal probiotics, gathered into my preconception collection. Explore each selection around your own history and plans.
Shop on Fullscript
06 / THE DETOX EDIT
Botanical wisdom. Everyday nourishment.
Milk thistle, NAC, vitamin C with citrus bioflavonoids, and Charcoal Binder Complete. Explore the ingredients and choose individual products from my collection.
Shop on Fullscript
07 / BOTANICAL BEAUTY & DAILY RITUAL
A little time for yourself.
Botanical oils, skincare, dandelion tea, and nutritional selections, gathered with a jade gua sha stone. Choose the pieces that belong in your own beauty ritual.
Shop on FullscriptThe care behind every choice
Too many bottles. Conflicting advice. A label that tells you very little about why this formula belongs in your life. I created my apothecary to make the choices more considered.
As a naturopathic physician and functional medicine doctor and botanical formulator, I begin with nourishment, sleep, movement, and the conditions that support health. Supplements have a place within that foundation. The ingredient, preparation, dose, and reason for choosing it all matter.
Explore the current savings shown in your Fullscript account. The storefront advertises up to 15% off eligible products; the offer applied at checkout may vary.
You are exploring the formulas I have selected around the questions women bring me: hormones, skin, fertility, longevity, and the physical effects of grief. My clinical and formulation background shapes what I choose. Read the details, consider what fits, and leave the rest. The collection is there to make your choices more thoughtful, not more numerous.
The name on the front tells only part of the story. Turn it around and compare the ingredient form, amount per serving, number of capsules, other ingredients, and servings in the bottle. With botanicals, the species and preparation matter too. I want to know what you are actually getting and why it belongs in your routine.
A root is not always the same medicine as a leaf. A tea, tincture, whole herb powder, and concentrated extract can also deliver very different constituents. I look at the species, plant part, extraction, and intended use together. An impressive milligram number is only useful when you know what it describes.
I mean that the details deserve scrutiny: ingredient identity, purity, potency, the preparation, and the way it was made. I look for documented manufacturing and testing standards, then ask whether the formula fits the purpose. Quality helps us trust the bottle; a thoughtful assessment helps decide whether you need it.
I choose the formulas, and Fullscript handles the shop and delivery. Its documented approach to sourcing, quality review, and storage matters to me, particularly for botanicals and ingredients sensitive to heat or time. You can read the full label and current product details before deciding.
They can. Heat, moisture, light, and time affect some ingredients more than others. Fullscript follows manufacturer handling guidance and uses protective packaging when appropriate. A thawed cold pack alone does not tell you the product is damaged. Bring orders inside promptly, follow the label, and ask Fullscript about anything concerning.
Check the date and storage instructions when your order arrives, and buy an amount you can reasonably use. Some brands print a manufacturing date instead of an expiration date; Fullscript can clarify that for you. Freshness and careful handling belong in the quality conversation alongside the formula itself.
Explore the current savings shown in your Fullscript account. The storefront advertises up to 15% off eligible products; the offer applied at checkout may vary.
These savings are for supplements. Lab tests, shipping, and taxes are separate. If the expected discount is not displayed, ask Fullscript support to check your connection to Dr. Michele Burklund’s storefront before placing the order.
The thought behind the edit
I’m a naturopathic physician and functional medicine doctor, a former chief scientific officer, and a member of MADE SAFE’s Scientific Advisory Board. My work with supplements and clean products has taught me to look closely: at the ingredients, the formulation, and the person who will use them.
These collections bring that perspective together with my enduring love of botanical medicine. The next step is choosing what belongs in your life.
Meet the doctor behind the editThe laboratory library
9 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTS6 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTS8 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTS2 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTS5 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTS5 tests, with context and limitations.
EXPLORE THE TESTSTwo places to look more closely
Hormone patterns
A closer look at sex hormones, their metabolites, and cortisol patterns. I consider the findings alongside your cycle, sleep, symptoms, and hormone use to inform a more individual conversation.
Explore the DUTCH testVaginal health
Recurring changes in comfort, odor, or discharge deserve thoughtful attention. Explore my selected vaginal-health test and discuss the findings in the context of symptoms, hormonal changes, and your history.
Explore vaginal health testingSee the current panel, collection instructions, price, and ordering eligibility on Fullscript. Test selection and interpretation belong within your individual care.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
A closer look at hormones, nourishment, metabolism, and the intimate microbiome. The tests I consider when a woman’s story calls for more detail.
Dried-urine testing explores sex-hormone levels, the metabolites produced as those hormones are processed, and cortisol patterns across the day. I consider this profile when looking more closely at menstrual changes, midlife symptoms, sleep, and stress physiology. The results belong within the story of your cycle, symptoms, and hormone use; follow the collection instructions for timing.
A stool-based look at digestive function, intestinal inflammation, and selected organisms within the gut microbiome. This can add detail when I am investigating persistent digestive symptoms or looking at how well the foundations of nourishment are working. I consider the findings alongside your food intake, bowel patterns, medication history, and symptoms when deciding which questions to explore next.
A foundational blood panel that measures glucose, electrolytes, calcium, proteins, and markers related to liver and kidney function. It brings several connected systems into view at once. In my approach, these results help establish context before adding more specialized testing, and I look at patterns and changes over time alongside hydration, nutrition, and your health history.
Looks at iron circulating in your blood, its transport and binding capacity, and the iron held in reserve as ferritin. I consider the full pattern when exploring fatigue, heavy menstrual bleeding, or possible nutritional depletion. These measurements help distinguish different iron patterns and inform a more thoughtful conversation about food, absorption, blood loss, and whether iron supplementation is appropriate.
Begins with thyroid-stimulating hormone, the signal that helps regulate thyroid hormone production. Free T4 is added automatically when the TSH result meets the laboratory’s criteria. This is a starting point for exploring thyroid function in the context of energy, temperature tolerance, bowel patterns, or menstrual changes; it does not automatically include thyroid antibodies or every thyroid measurement.
Measures apolipoprotein B, a protein found on cholesterol-carrying particles that can contribute to plaque in the arteries. It adds information about particle burden beyond the amount of cholesterol reported on a standard lipid panel. I consider it alongside blood pressure, glucose, family history, nutrition, and movement as part of a broader cardiovascular and longevity assessment.
Measures the proportion of hemoglobin with glucose attached, providing a view of average blood sugar over approximately two to three months. Estimated average glucose translates that result into familiar blood-sugar units. I use the longer view to explore metabolic patterns alongside nourishment, movement, sleep, and other relevant markers; it does not show individual meal-related spikes.
Examines microorganisms present in a vaginal sample, offering a more detailed view of the intimate microbiome. I consider this information when exploring recurring changes in discharge, odor, irritation, or vaginal comfort. The findings are interpreted alongside symptoms, hormonal changes, and treatment history; the presence of an organism alone does not tell the whole story.
A blood measurement of a hormone produced by small ovarian follicles, used to add information about ovarian reserve. I consider it within a wider preconception or fertility conversation that includes age, cycle history, and other findings. It can help inform expectations about response to fertility treatment, but it does not measure egg quality or predict whether you will conceive.
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
Care for the body carrying the grief. My selected tests explore vitamin D, thyroid function, cortisol patterns, inflammation, and cardiovascular health.
Measures 25-hydroxy vitamin D, the main circulating marker used to assess vitamin D status. In a period when time outdoors, food intake, and daily routines may change, I consider whether this foundational nutrient deserves closer attention. The result can inform an individualized discussion about food sources, sun exposure, and supplementation rather than guessing at a dose.
Looks at cortisol and cortisone measurements collected at different times of day. The pattern adds context to the body’s daily hormonal rhythms and is considered alongside sleep timing, medications, and collection conditions. In grief care, I bring this information into the wider conversation about rest and daily rhythm; the test does not measure the depth of your grief.
Measures C-reactive protein, a substance produced by the liver that rises with inflammation. It can help show whether an inflammatory process deserves further attention or whether an established pattern is changing. I interpret it alongside symptoms, recent illness, and other findings, because a raised result does not identify the source of inflammation by itself.
Measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a tube over a set period. This provides an indirect view of inflammation and can complement other measurements when the clinical picture calls for it. I look at the result alongside blood counts, symptoms, and history, rather than treating it as a specific diagnosis or a measure of emotional stress.
Brings more detailed cholesterol-related measurements together with selected inflammation markers. This allows a broader cardiovascular conversation than total cholesterol alone. I consider the pattern alongside family history, blood pressure, metabolic health, sleep, nourishment, and movement—especially when the disruptions of loss have changed the routines that usually support your physical health.
Measures TSH, free T4, and free T3, giving a view of the regulatory signal and circulating thyroid hormones. Thyroid changes can overlap with concerns such as low energy, altered bowel habits, temperature sensitivity, or changes in mood. I consider these results when exploring physical contributors to symptoms during grief, while keeping your wider experience at the center of care.
These tests explore aspects of physical health; they do not measure grief.
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
For the years you want to live well. A considered selection exploring metabolic health, nutrients, the gut, and genetic and epigenetic patterns.
Examines inherited genetic variants associated with selected nutritional, metabolic, and health pathways. I use this kind of information as context for a more personal discussion about food, movement, and lifestyle. A genetic tendency is not a diagnosis or a fixed outcome, and the results do not replace measurements of how your body is functioning today.
Offers a view of average blood sugar over approximately two to three months by measuring glucose attached to hemoglobin. In a longevity assessment, I look at the trend alongside other metabolic markers and the daily foundations of food, movement, and sleep. It is useful for seeing the longer pattern, while individual glucose rises and falls require different measurements.
Detects small amounts of C-reactive protein and can add information to cardiovascular risk assessment. I consider it alongside lipid results, metabolic health, and your clinical history when exploring inflammatory patterns. Recent illness or another inflammatory process can affect the result. Two testing options are included in this collection; they are alternatives rather than a requirement to order both.
Measures the circulating level of coenzyme Q10, a compound involved in mitochondrial energy production and antioxidant activity. I consider the result alongside your nutritional intake, supplement use, medications, and the question we are investigating. A blood level offers information about this compound; it is not, by itself, a direct measurement of mitochondrial function throughout the body.
Uses living white blood cells to examine how they respond under different nutrient conditions in the laboratory. The assessment explores selected vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients through a functional testing method. I place these findings alongside dietary intake, digestion, medications, symptoms, and other relevant blood tests when considering whether a nutritional pattern deserves closer attention.
Combines information from many inherited genetic variants to estimate susceptibility to selected conditions. I consider it as one part of a prevention conversation alongside family history, current biomarkers, and lifestyle. These are probability estimates rather than diagnoses, and their accuracy depends on the condition assessed and the populations used to develop the scoring method.
Examines microbial DNA and selected stool chemistry to describe aspects of the gut ecosystem. I consider the findings in the context of digestive symptoms, dietary variety, bowel patterns, and medication history. The aim is to ask more informed questions about the terrain of the gut; a microbiome report is a snapshot and does not establish a single ideal microbiome for everyone.
Uses patterns of DNA methylation—chemical marks on DNA—to estimate biological age and related health measures. I view these results as an exploratory layer within a larger longevity picture that includes metabolic health, function, and daily habits. The estimates depend on the method used and do not predict your lifespan or prove that a particular intervention has reversed aging.
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
A little more insight beneath the glow. Two testing options from my clinical toolkit, bringing liver markers and antioxidant nutrients into the skin-care conversation.
Measures liver-related enzymes, proteins, and bilirubin to help assess aspects of liver health. In my skin-focused work, it offers broader context when health history, medications, or other findings make liver testing relevant. I consider it alongside nourishment and the full clinical picture; it is not a direct test of skin quality or a score of the body’s detoxification capacity.
Measures vitamins A, C, and E, together with coenzyme Q10, for a closer look at selected antioxidant nutrients. I consider these findings alongside food intake, digestion, and supplement use when exploring the nutritional foundations of skin health. The panel helps describe nutrient status; it does not measure collagen directly or predict how your skin will look.
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
Begin with your environment and your history. These tests explore selected exposures when there is a specific question worth investigating.
Measures selected metals in a venous blood sample. I consider this testing when an environmental, occupational, dietary, or household history raises a specific exposure question. Which metal is measured and when the exposure occurred both affect interpretation. The result helps inform the investigation; it does not provide a complete inventory of every metal stored in the body.
Measures selected metals excreted in urine collected over a full day. The longer collection window provides information about excretion during that period. I interpret the findings alongside the suspected source, timing of exposure, kidney function, and collection instructions; urinary excretion is not the same as the total amount of a metal present in the body.
Looks for selected environmental chemicals or their breakdown products included in the panel. I begin with your exposure history—home, work, water, food, and personal-care products—so the testing has a clear purpose. Results describe the substances measured and can guide a more focused investigation of possible sources; they do not quantify every environmental exposure or establish the cause of symptoms.
Measures arsenic, lead, and mercury in a single urine sample. I consider this option when the exposure history points toward one or more of these metals. Timing, urine concentration, and recent dietary exposures can influence interpretation. Follow the collection instructions carefully, and view the result within a targeted assessment rather than as a general detox score.
Measures selected per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, a group of persistent environmental chemicals. I consider this information when a history of potential exposure gives us a specific question to explore. Results can document measured levels and support a discussion about reducing ongoing exposure, but they cannot identify the cause of symptoms, predict future illness, or determine treatment on their own.
Choose testing with a clinician around a relevant exposure history; these are not general measures of a need to “detox.”
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Dr. Burklund’s selected labs
A thoughtful place to begin. My collection of foundational testing options for a broader conversation about your health.
Measures total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. It is a foundational view of blood lipids that I consider alongside blood pressure, glucose, family history, nourishment, and movement. Looking at the full pattern and its changes over time helps frame a more useful cardiovascular conversation than focusing on one number in isolation.
Measures glucose, electrolytes, calcium, proteins, and markers related to liver and kidney function. This is a broad starting point for understanding several connected aspects of physical health. I review the pattern alongside your symptoms, hydration, nutrition, and previous results to help decide whether a more focused investigation would be useful.
Pairs thyroid measurements with thyroid antibodies that can help investigate an autoimmune contribution to thyroid changes. I consider it when symptoms, family history, or prior results call for a fuller thyroid picture. Hormone results and antibody findings answer different questions; together with your history, they can help distinguish thyroid function from an immune process affecting the gland.
A broad panel spanning hormones, thyroid function, metabolism, cardiovascular markers, inflammation, nutrient status, and selected environmental exposures. It includes measurements such as iron and ferritin, vitamin D, thyroid hormones and antibodies, sex hormones, and detailed lipid markers. I consider this option when a wider baseline is appropriate, while reviewing existing results to avoid unnecessary duplication.
Measures red blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelets, and the numbers of different white blood cell types. It offers foundational information about oxygen-carrying capacity, immune-cell patterns, and clotting cells. I use it to add context when investigating fatigue or changes in physical health, often alongside iron studies or other tests selected around the individual story.
Choose individual tests around your history, symptoms, and existing results, with your clinician’s guidance.
Laboratory testing · My clinical edit
The tests I turn to in my clinic. A way to explore your own health.
In my functional and naturopathic approach, testing begins with a question. What are you experiencing? What has changed? What would the result help us decide?
I created this collection to share the functional tests I use in clinical practice, with attention to hormones, nutritional status, the microbiome, and the patterns behind persistent symptoms. Explore the guides below as you consider your next step.
Choose individual tests through my Fullscript lab storefront. Current pricing, availability, and collection instructions are shown there.
Go straight to your lab edit
Women’s health Grief medicine Longevity Skin & radiance Detox FoundationsA simple way to begin
Begin with the area you want to explore. Read the accompanying journal or care guide.
See ingredients, directions, current prices, and availability on Fullscript.
Sign in or create your Fullscript account. Select individual products and check out there.
Before you begin
Absolutely. Each Edit is a considered selection, and one useful product may be all you need. Begin with food, sleep, movement, and the concern you want to understand. Then check ingredients against what you already take and choose with a clear purpose. There is no prize for the fullest supplement shelf.
Fullscript handles checkout. Follow the product link to see the current label, availability, price, shipping options, and final total before you pay. This site gives you the context for the selection; the order is completed there.
Yes. My Fullscript lab shop brings the collections together. Start with the question you want a test to answer, then read its description and collection instructions. Fullscript shows the current price and eligibility for your location. If you already have results, The Lab Edit is a separate way to make sense of them with me.
A focused conversation can help us decide what is relevant to the concern you bring. Read about private consultations for that offering, or The Lab Edit if your question is about existing results. What you already take and your health history should be part of the decision.
I may earn income from purchases through my Fullscript storefront. Collections are options to explore; individual product and testing choices deserve review in the context of your own care.
A few useful answers
My edits are an invitation to understand your options and choose with intention.
Absolutely. Each Edit is a considered selection, and one useful product may be all you need. Begin with food, sleep, movement, and the concern you want to understand. Then check ingredients against what you already take and choose with a clear purpose. There is no prize for the fullest supplement shelf.
Yes. My Fullscript lab shop brings the collections together. Start with the question you want a test to answer, then read its description and collection instructions. Fullscript shows the current price and eligibility for your location. If you already have results, The Lab Edit is a separate way to make sense of them with me.
Your symptoms still count. A reference range is a comparison tool, and an in range result does not describe your whole health. I want to understand the pattern, earlier results, and the reason the test was ordered. Food intake, sleep, your cycle, medicines, and the timing of collection can all change the questions worth asking.
Ask who is listening to your history, checking the assumptions, reviewing interactions, and taking responsibility for the next step. AI can help organize questions. Clinical judgment brings those questions back to your body and circumstances. My consultation page explains the focused work I offer.
Your results. A clearer conversation.
$500 · 45 minutes · Advance review and a written educational recap
You have the report. Now you want to understand it. An educational conversation with a naturopathic physician and functional medicine doctor can help you make sense of the language, explore the questions behind the numbers, and find your next conversation with greater clarity.
Yes. You have the numbers; we can give them context. In The Lab Edit, we look at what your markers measure, how related results fit together, and the questions worth taking into your ongoing care. We agree on the reports before meeting. I am independent of Function Health, and this is a separate educational service.
With me, Dr. Michele Burklund. I bring a naturopathic and functional medicine perspective to your results, beginning with nourishment, sleep, movement, stress, and your everyday environment. The goal is to leave with a clearer understanding of the story those markers can help tell.
The Lab Edit is a focused educational conversation about existing results. My private consultations are a separate offering, with advance review, a longer conversation, and a written protocol for the agreed concern. Neither service enrolls you in ongoing general patient care.
We can connect the dots between the markers: what each measures, what patterns deserve attention, how results have changed, and where nourishment, hormones, metabolism, or daily habits enter the conversation. We also look at what the report leaves unanswered, because your health is larger than a page of numbers.
The Lab Edit gives you time with a doctor to understand your results. It does not include diagnosis, prescribing, medication changes, or a treatment protocol. Your treating clinician remains responsible for those decisions; I help you understand the report and prepare more useful questions.
The Lab Edit includes a written educational recap. We can discuss general principles of nourishment and the questions a result raises, but this session does not include a treatment protocol or changes to medication. If you want to explore the separate consultation offering, you can read about it here.
Your symptoms still count. A reference range is a comparison tool, and an in range result does not describe your whole health. I want to understand the pattern, earlier results, and the reason the test was ordered. Food intake, sleep, your cycle, medicines, and the timing of collection can all change the questions worth asking.
Yes. We can explore metabolic health, cardiovascular risk, nutrient status, and the markers that help us think about the years ahead. I separate established clinical targets from proposed functional ranges, and explain why a useful target depends on the marker and the person. The aim is meaningful health, rather than chasing a perfect looking report.
That is where the conversation becomes useful. We can look at related markers and changes over time, then consider the questions they raise about nourishment, hormones, metabolism, and your daily life. A pattern gives us direction; your full clinical assessment determines what it means for your care.
We can explore the clues and the possible contributors. Root cause work means asking why a pattern may be there, including nutrition, sleep, hormonal stage, medicines, and relevant exposures. A report alone cannot establish the answer. The Lab Edit helps you understand what is known and what deserves a closer clinical look.
Yes, when those are the reports we agree to review. We can explore how thyroid markers relate, why cycle timing matters for hormones, what nutrient results can tell you, and how glucose and lipid patterns fit into a longevity conversation. I will also explain the limits of each test so the numbers stay in perspective.
Start with what you already have. There is no need to buy a new panel before sending an inquiry. We agree on the reports and the focus of our conversation before booking, then share the secure process for sending the relevant information.
Gather the complete reports, including dates, units, reference ranges, and any notes that came with them. Earlier results can help us see a pattern. Write down the few questions you most want answered, and wait for the secure sharing instructions before sending medical information.
Visit The Lab Edit and send a short inquiry. The session is $500 for 45 minutes, with advance review of agreed existing results and a brief written educational recap. We confirm the reports and availability before booking. Keep your medical details for the secure process shared afterward.
Contact the ordering clinician promptly, or seek urgent medical assessment for acute symptoms. A critical result needs attention when it appears. Please do not wait for a scheduled educational session or a website reply.